Artistic Behavior in the Human Female Essay

The entry above originates from the article, â€Å"Artistic Behavior in the Human Female,† by Jean Robertson (2003, p. 24). Robertson (2003) contended that female specialists characterize and decipher female sexuality in assorted and clashing manners, and by utilizing distinctive masterful techniques. Robertson makes presumptions about the woman’s body as a challenged territory, wherein being a lady keeps on being a subject of warmed discussion. For him, how female craftsmen see themselves as ladies, and as specialists, shape their portrayal of â€Å"femininity† and â€Å"female sexuality† in their fine arts. One of the statements that Robertson referenced in his content originates from Simon de Beauvoir. In her fundamental book, â€Å"The Second Sex,† she focused on that: â€Å"One isn't brought into the world a lady, however, rather, gets one. † I need to ponder de Beauvoir’s proclamation and Robertson’s conviction about the woman’s body. I concur with de Beauvoir that social encounters and political conditions sway the development of â€Å"being a lady. † Society shapes how ladies and men see womanliness and sexual orientation jobs through setting up sex jobs and desires. A model is the point at which a young lady is â€Å"conditioned† by her mom to be a â€Å"woman,† by disclosing to her how she should go about as a â€Å"woman. This incorporates instructing her about the toys she can and can't utilize, and the games she can and can't play. The young lady discovers that she should act and think a specific way, so as to be â€Å"feminine. † She discovers that she can't be rambunctious or engage in sports, since that would be too â€Å"manly† for her. This young lady is the ideal case of â€Å"becoming† a lady. Then again, I likewise concur that being a lady is a natural and individual develop. A lady is a result of her science, in any case. This is the reason ladies are likewise characterized by their sexual organs. Their science likewise decides their sex, just as their sex. Moreover, being a lady is a result of individual wants and needs. Any lady can characterize her womanhood the manner in which she additionally needs it to. Robertson showed the presence of the majorities of gentility. The facts demonstrate that a woman’s body is a challenged landscape, and for me, what's going on with that? Is it not additionally conceivable to have numerous femininities, rather than having just one way to deal with characterize and to decipher being a lady? There is not much, as I would like to think, of having various methods of being a lady, in light of the fact that to deny one way to deal with womanhood subverts the very embodiment of being a liberated individual. Diary section 2 In â€Å"A discussion about race and class,† Childers and Hooks (1990) contended that sexual orientation ought to be extended to incorporate issues of race and class. They said that: â€Å"†¦we should start by discussing how we encountered the battle to challenge and extend the class of gender† (pp. 61-62). For them, individuals can't comprehend sexual orientation in its entire sense, if racial and class issues are neglected in sex investigation. This perusing tested my perspective on sex, by requesting that I see sexual orientation through an a lot more extensive focal point. I have not thought about that sexual orientation issues likewise converge racial and class issues. Then again, Childers and Hooks (1990) constrained me to consider the governmental issues of sexual orientation. This is identified with our conversations about sexual orientation as a political article. The legislative issues of sexual orientation exhibit that there are chains of command to the female sex that are experienced by numerous ladies. Force is additionally influenced by one’s class and race. In the event that white female ladies feel that there is an unattainable rank at the working environment, lower-class dark and Hispanic ladies face a more prominent and heavier discriminatory constraint in the public eye. On account of their group and race, they feel and experience various biased based impediments the roof of racial segregation, the roof of class separation, and the roof of sexual orientation segregation. These roofs, on each other, speak to something beyond an obstacle to financial turn of events, however look like roofs that are legitimately pushed on these women’s bodies. They could barely inhale, on the grounds that there are simply such a large number of roofs that make it hard for them to try and endure. Presently, I look sex as an amalgam of issues that ladies bring to sexual orientation talk. Thus, race and issue grow sex talk, however considering them has likewise widened my comprehension of sexual orientation and its assorted clashes. Diary section 3 When women's activists talk about women's liberation, they for the most part observe the restriction between the female and the manly the yin and the yang. We likewise examined the double resistance in class, which elevated my insight into how ladies are decreased to the lower range of the restriction. The paired restriction additionally exists in separating moms from fathers. Moms are placed in platforms, while fathers are overlooked and despised. Laqueur (1990) griped about this twofold restriction in â€Å"The Facts of Fatherhood. † This is an intriguing article that contended about the restraint of the historical backdrop of parenthood. Laqueur (1990) placed that while ladies appreciated being the â€Å"natural† parent, fathers were viewed as negligible suppliers, or even as a setting to the family. He focused on that it is the ideal opportunity for fathers to recover their entitlement to be a piece of the child rearing history, wherein their commitments to the arrangement of society are perceived and regarded. This polemical article diverts and interests me fundamentally. It interests me in light of the fact that at the rear of my brain, I felt sexual orientation segregation in turn around. I accept that moms have specials bonds with their youngsters, yet this conviction, notwithstanding, is set apart by sexism. Don't fathers additionally impart exceptional bonds to their youngsters? Laqueur (1990) tested the idea of parenthood, since it sabotaged the significance of parenthood. In my psyche, it is smarter to not separate moms from fathers, which is simply equivalent to preventing from separating ladies and men. Ladies and men have their own qualities and shortcomings and none is progressively prevalent. In a similar line of thought, moms and fathers are likewise equivalent. Let us simply call parenthood and parenthood as parenthood and give fathers their legitimate spot in the history and the act of supporting human culture. Besides, this is likewise a fascinating article, since it provoked me to discuss being a lady comparable to taking care of business. Being a lady has its multiplicities, and now, taking care of business has its pluralism as well. For me, these multiplicities, recognized as a feature of sex investigation, render two stages forward for genuine sexual orientation uniformity. Diary passage 4 In â€Å"Criticizing Feminist Criticism,† Gallop, Hirsch, and Miller (1990) bantered on the reasons and improvement of female analysis. Their primary concern is that women's activist analysis journalists have gone to the outrageous, by pounding each other’s women's activist perspectives. They accept that this procedure is vain in understanding and improving the advancement of sexual orientation talk and woman's rights. They affirmed that woman's rights can be condemned in an increasingly extensive way, wherein there is no set in stone women's liberation. I picked this article since it strings on delicate issues, wherein the individual versus the aggregate thought of woman's rights conflicts. Women's activists have distinctive perspectives about sex jobs, sexuality, and gentility, and they censure each other in various manners. I have never imagined that women's activist analysis has gotten excessively unconstructive. This isn't my concept of analysis by any stretch of the imagination. I consider my own analysis of women's activist analysis and I really want to concur that analysis isn't about â€Å"thrashing† women's activist hypotheses (p. 350). Analysis is likewise about adding something to existing hypotheses, in manners that can profit the comprehension of being a lady and how various understandings add to a wide scope of women's liberation talk. I truly accept likewise that women's activists can't characterize women's liberation in one manner or a few different ways alone. Woman's rights ought to be seen as a tremendous chaos of thoughts and values, extraordinary and exceptional to ladies and gatherings, who battle for and in view of various issues. Truly, it is a wreck okay, on the grounds that being a lady is a unique procedure that is additionally a piece of being an individual and being an individual from one’s race, class, etc. Being a lady can't ever be a clean spot, wherein ladies think the equivalent and act the equivalent. I would prefer to have it as a wreck wherein ladies are allowed to think and reconsider women's liberation, comparable to their own encounters and qualities. References Childers, M. and Hooks, B. (1990). A discussion about race and class. In M. Hirsch and E. F. Keller (Eds. ), Conflicts in women's liberation (pp. 60-81). New York, NY: Routledge. Run, J. , Hirsch, M. , and Miller, N. K. (1990). Scrutinizing women's activist analysis. In M. Hirsch and E. F. Keller (Eds. ), Conflicts in woman's rights (pp. 349-369). New York, NY: Routledge. Laqueur, T. W. (1990). The realities of parenthood. In M. Hirsch and E. F. Keller (Eds. ), Conflicts in women's liberation (pp. 205-221). New York, NY: Routledge. Robertson, J. (2003). Masterful conduct in the human female. In B. Stirratt and C. Johnson (Eds. ), Feminine influence: workmanship and expositions on sexuality (pp. 23-38). Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.

Haveloche corporation Essay Example for Free

Haveloche organization Essay Haveloche Corporation is an innovative work organization, which converts into irregular incomes after some time. There are times when virtuoso thoughts acquire loads of income for the organization. Notwithstanding, there are additionally times where those virtuoso thoughts are retired in light of the fact that nobody has an enthusiasm for that patent. The regularly changing incomes end up being hard for dynamic, particularly with regards to whether the organization should offer back to its financial specialists or not. Haveloche is continually confronted with the scrape of choosing what profit approach is best for the association and the financial specialists. The company’s CEO recorded the stock costs and profits for us to take a gander at. There are 3 speculations of financial specialist inclination for profit versus capital increases: (1) Dividend Irrelevance Theory or Modigliani Miller (2) â€Å"Bird-in-the-hand† Theory (3) Tax Preference Theory. As indicated by Modigliani Miller (MM), the profit arrangement has not impact on the stock cost of the firm or the expense of capital. This hypothesis expresses that financial specialists reinvest the profits again into the firm and the firm’s esteem is just founded on the salary delivered from its advantages, and not the profits and held income. As indicated by the subsequent hypothesis, the â€Å"Bird-in-the-hand† hypothesis, profits are known and steady and capital additions are obscure and dubious. The profit is less hazardous than capital increases. The danger of the firm’s incomes over the long haul is controlled by the profit payout arrangement as indicated by this hypothesis. As per the third hypothesis, Tax Preference Theory, capital increases are favored over profits. Because of time estimation of cash, a dollar paid later on charges has a lower cost than a dollar paid on charges in the present. Capital gains normally have preferred assessment points of interest over profits, which is the reason a few speculators like to put resources into organizations that limit profits. In view of the dissipate plot, I would need to state that Haveloche has picked an assortment of these various hypotheses throughout the years since they have been delivering profits. At the point when the organization expected to reinvest the cash again into the organization, they profit was brought down. At the point when the organization had a lot of additional money lying around, the profit payout expanded. Haveloche has been delivering a profit since its underlying IPO, however those profits differ from year to year. One could contend that the profit is ensured every year dependent on history, however the financial specialist has no idea concerning how what that profit will be based off. In addition, in the event that you investigate the stock cost from year to year, it broadly vacillate all over. Financial specialists in this don't know from year to year if the company’s licenses are going to become super wealthy or on the off chance that they are simply going to be retired. It being a RD organization, it is a hazardous organization, which financial specialists know before venturing out with putting away their well deserved cash. Haveloches business depends on the obscure of whether the licenses will be helpful to gadgets organizations. The organization may concoct something that it considers the following enormous thing, however it may not discover an organization that needs to utilize it. Financial specialists in Haveloche are not in it explicitly for the profits. Financial specialists are seeking after substantial payouts if Haveloche becomes wildly successful. The organization needs to accomplish more research and investigate which profit arrangements are working for the other little R;D organizations that chip away at patent activities. With more data and results, Haveloche would have the option to settle on an increasingly keen business choice about which profit approach it ought to pick.

Now What Next Steps for New International Freshmen

Now What Next Steps for New International Freshmen First and foremost, congratulations, future Illini! We are so excited to welcome you all into the University of Illinois Class of 2024! Now that the big news is starting to settle in and your mind is still racing (and maybe your heart too), you are probably asking yourself, “So now what? Here are some answers to questions you might have as you move through the next steps in the process. What are my next steps? Share the news with your parents, family, and friends if you haven’t already. They will all be so excited for you!Do a little happy dance. Your hard work has paid off!Breathe and relax.Now, log back into your favorite place, yourmyIllini account, and review your Admitted Student Checklist.Visit theIllinois Admissions Admitted Students webpageand theInternational Admitted Student webpage. Explore our various social media to see what life on campus looks like. What is the Admitted Student Checklist? Your checklist, which you can access through yourmyIllini account, is meant to help keep you organized as you move through the admitted student process. New items that need to be completed will appear once you have accepted your offer to join the Illinois Class of 2024! This checklist will be your best resource for the next few months. When do I need to make a decision? You can accept or decline your offer right now if you are ready. However, we understand that it is a big decision, so we want to be sure you feel like you have enough time to make it. Even if you applied early action, you have untilMay 1to join the Class of 2024. Take the time to ask current students about their Illinois experience,visit campusif you are able (if you are unable, check out myblog on great alternatives!), explore your major’s website and the college’s website, and just take time to reflect on where you want to study next year. Do I get an acceptance letter? We do not mail you a copy of your acceptance letter (officially called your Notice of Admission, or NOA). However, you will be able to download a copy of it. We will add it to the “Additional Information” section of your Admitted Student Checklistin yourmyIllini accountwithin two to three weeks following your decision release. When do I get a student visa? No worries! We are also here to guide you through that process as well. Once you accept your offer of admission, there will be a new item on your Admitted Student Checklist: the I-20 application. We will start issuing I-20s in March once we have your I-20 application. You can check out ourObtaining a Visa webpagefor some more information on this process. We are here to help, and we want to be a resource throughout this entire process. Be sure to call us at +1 217-333-0302if you have questions about your admission decision. We are happy to chat with you about it. If you have questions about your next steps, first log in tomyIllinito see if the answer is there. Parents, also be sure to check out our parents guide blog,Your Student’s Notice of Admission: A Parent’s Guide, for some helpful pro tips. If you are still confused,reach out to us! Now, time to celebrate! Welcome to the University of Illinois Class of 2024. We are excited to welcome so many new students from all over the world to our campus! admitted international planning Jess International Recruitment Coordinator, Undergraduate Admissions I work with international students throughout the admissions process. My biggest piece of advice for anyone going through the college search process is to ask questions. There are no questions too small. That’s why we're here!

Shakespeares Brothers and Sisters

William Shakespeare came from a large family and had three brothers and four sisters ... although not all of them lived long enough to meet their most famous sibling! William Shakespeares brothers and sisters were: Joan ShakespeareMargaret  Shakespeare Gilbert  ShakespeareJoan  ShakespeareAnne  ShakespeareRichard  ShakespeareEdmund  Shakespeare Much is known of Shakespeare’s mother Mary Arden whose house in Wilmcote near Stratford-upon-Avon remains a tourist attraction and functions as a working farm. His father John Shakespeare, also came from farming stock and became a Glover. Mary and John lived in Henley Street Stratford upon Avon, John worked from his house. This is where William and his siblings were brought up and this house is also a tourist attraction and it is possible to see exactly how Shakespeare and his family would have lived. John and Mary had two children before William Shakespeare was born. It is not possible to give the exact dates as birth certificates were not produced in those times. However, due to high mortality rates, it was customary to have the child baptised as soon as three days after the birth so the dates given in this article are based on that assumption. Sisters:Joan and MargaretShakespeare Joan Shakespeare was baptised in September 1558 but sadly died two months later, her sister Margaret was baptised on December 2nd 1562 she died aged one. Both were thought to have caught the prolific and deadly bubonic plague. Happily William, John and Mary’s first born son was born in 1564. As we know he lived a very successful life until he was 52 and died in April 1616 on his own birthday. Brother:Gilbert Shakespeare In 1566 Gilbert Shakespeare was born. It is thought that he was named after Gilbert Bradley who was a burgess of Stratford and was a Glover like John Shakespeare. It is believed that Gilbert would have attended school with William, being two years younger than him. Gilbert became a haberdasher and followed his brother to London. However, Gilbert often returned to Stratford and was involved in a lawsuit in the town. Gilbert never married and died a bachelor aged 46 in 1612. Sister:Joan Shakespeare Joan Shakespeare was born in 1569 (It was customary in Elizabethan England for children to be named after their dead siblings). She married a hatter called William Hart. She had four children but only two survived, they were called William and Michael. William, who was born in 1600, became an actor like his uncle. He never married but it is thought he had an illegitimate child called Charles Hart who became a famous actor of the time. William Shakespeare gave permission for Joan to live in the western   house on Henley street (There were two houses) until her death at the ripe age of 77. Sister: Anne Shakespeare Anne Shakespeare was born in 1571 she was the sixth child of John and Mary but sadly she only survived until she was eight years old. It is thought that she also died of the bubonic plague. She was given and expensive funeral despite the family experiencing financial problems at the time. She was buried on April 4th 1579. Brother:Richard Shakespeare Richard Shakespeare was baptised on March 11th 1574. Little is known about his life but the families fortunes were in decline and as a result it is very likely that Richard did not receive an education like his brothers and he would have stayed home to help with the family business. Richard was buried on February 4th 1613. He died aged 39. Brother: Edmund Shakespeare Edmund Shakespeare was baptized in 1581, he was sixteen years William’s junior. By this time the Shakespeare’s fortunes had recovered. Edmund followed in his brother’s footsteps and moved to London to become an actor. He died aged 27 and his death is also attributed to the bubonic plague which had already claimed 3 of his sibling’s lives. William paid for Edmund’s funeral which was held in Southwark London 1607 and was attended by many famous actors from the Globe. After having eight children Mary, Shakespeare’s mother lived to the grand age of 71 and died in 1608. John Shakespeare, William’s father also lived a long life, dying in 1601 aged 70. Only their daughter Joan lived a longer life than them dying at 77.

Essay on Aa Meeting - 612 Words

12 Step Meeting The meeting I attended took place in Bothell on a weeknight at 7:00 pm in the evening. The meeting was held in a local church and there were 17 people in attendance, excluding myself. Among the 17 people, there were 6 women and 11 men. The average attendee was approximately between the ages of 40-50, 4 people were under the age of 30, and two were somewhere around 60. Of the 17 people, 16 were white and one woman was of an Asian-American descent. The focus of the meeting was Step #2 Ââ€"humility. There were a few AA birthdays and in general the meeting consisted out of birthday-people reliving their stories and some talking about humility. Prior to the meeting I was expecting to enter into a room filled with†¦show more content†¦Just like Gwen in the beginning of the movie crashed her car and was court ordered to go into rehab, many of the people at the meeting had similar fates. One young man had a horrific car accident and had to spend a month in Harbor View hospit al and was court ordered to be there, 20 month later he is still going to AA, even though the court order expired a long time ago. I found that more than half of the people started out going to AA by the order of the court and ended up staying for themselves. One interesting fact that I have noticed deals with the movie When a Man Loves a Woman, the meetings the heroine of the movie is saddened by the fact that she is no longer the same person, she was while she was drinking. She is no longer as much fun, or no longed as interesting as she once was. Many of the people at the real meeting expressed the same concern, that the fun life is no longer fun, and they are not the same people as they once were. As a mentioned before I came away from the AA meeting with a feeling, of great sadness and warmth. I felt welcomed and excepted, but at the same time I still cannotShow MoreRelatedEssay On Aa Meeting805 Words   |  4 Pagesattend the 11am meeting. She got on the elevator with you. No one else had arrived to facilitate or attend the meeting yet. Kelly has been to our location several times before and often comes in under the influence. The staff is all familiar with her and her sponsor also attends the AA meetings. A couple of months ago, Kelly came to a meeting under the influence and soiled the restroom so badly that we had to take it of service. The next time that she came prior to the meeting starting Jane happenedRead MoreAA Meeting Report2347 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿ A.A. Meeting Report A.A. Meeting Report A.A. Meeting Details The meeting that I attended was called â€Å"The Way of Life Group†. It took place at Palos Methodist Church, 12101 S Harlem Ave on Monday, January 20, 2014 at 7:00 PM. There were about twenty to thirty people at the meeting. 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KeepingRead MoreThe Importance Of Attending An Aa Meeting1177 Words   |  5 PagesAttending an AA meeting was a very different experience for myself, I had herd of these meetings through family but had never gone so it was a little scary for me to attend. I was not sure on what to really expect when going or what I would get of out attending the meeting, but I was ready. The meeting was over all very interesting and eye opening on how alcoholism occurs differently for every person. I felt like this meeting was just an overview of what alcoholism really is, what it can do to youRead MoreAa Meeting Reaction Paper1093 Words   |  5 Pages Alcoholics Anonymous Meeting Reaction Paper I attended an A.A. meeting on April 5, 2010. Before the meeting I seemed very anxious. This was not my first meeting I have been to meetings before but they all seem to make me nervous. When I arrived the nervousness had eased off because everyone had made me feel welcomed. I was made to feel like a part of their family from the beginning to the end of the meeting. I seemed to have realized I missed going to these meetings and I miss the fellowshipRead MoreAa Meetings Essay 2991 Words   |  4 Pages I first attended AA meetings as a requirement while I was in outpatient treatment in 2002. So when I learned that I had to go for a class assignment, I thought I would be comfortable attending a meeting. I was going with the intent on just sitting in the back and listening. The meetings that I had gone to in the past were held at the treatment center where I was seeking help. For this assignment, I went to a group meeting at a prominent church in south Charlotte. OnceRead MoreAn Alcoholics Anonymous ( Aa ) Meeting Essay1753 Words   |  8 PagesI went to an Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) meeting on November 26, 2016 at noon in Simi Valley, CA. It was in the back entrance of a strip mall in a long, thin room with tables down the middle and chairs around the table and around the walls in the room. It is only located four minutes from my house, but I have never noticed it before. As I walked in there was a little kitchen with coffee and a pecan pie and there were goodies on the table. I them walked into the main room. A woman led the group forRead MoreJoin This Year Aas Meeting873 Words   |  4 PagesI would say that I am fairly lucky to have a chance to join this year AAS meeting because not many first-year graduate students usually come to the meeting. My main goals for this meeting are attending my first Astropy workshop and presenting the progress of my current research project about finding galaxy clusters. The size and the scale of this meeting is completely different from my first scientific meeting I attended last year in Vietnam. There are more than ten sessions running at the same

Assistive Technology - 3767 Words

Supporting Independent Living Name Affiliation Date Introduction The need for independent living among people who struggle with daily activities such as walking, eating, washing or driving has necessitated the incorporation of technology into health and social care to enable these people improve their capabilities. There are over 3000 technologies that have been designed to enable these people live productive and fulfilling lives independently. However, when using these technologies, there are several ethical and safety considerations that require to be met. The assistive technologies have been beneficial both to the health and social care organizations and the users. This paper considers two case studies to explore the use of†¦show more content†¦Telecare is able to detect and minimize risks such as fall or flood and then offer immediate response or help (Doughty, Cameron and Garner, 1996). Adaptive technology Adaptive technology can also be used to promote and facilitate independent living among health and social care services users. Adaptive technology generally refers to products or systems that are specifically designed to enhance capabilities of persons with certain kinds of disabilities. Examples of such items are the wheelchairs and prosthetics (Cooper, Ohnabe and Hobson, 2007). Sally is given items such as dressing stick, kitchen aids for cooking, jar openers, recipe card holders and gardening tools. In addition to that, the assistive technology specialist also gives Sally pots and pans with large handles to help her in her daily activities. These are examples of adaptive technologies that have been modified to suit Sally’s condition and help her in daily activities. Sally’s car is also adapted with a spinner knob as well as a left foot gas pedal. She is also given a larger keyboard with large black letters to aid in typing. These two are additional examples of adapti ve technologies that are used for independent living. Communication Technology Communication technologies are provided to enhance or replace the normal human communication. Some of the aids are given to replace speech. There are different kinds of communication aids that are available for the health and socialShow MoreRelatedAssistive Technology1683 Words   |  7 Pages| Assistive Technology Evaluation | EDU 620 Meeting Individual StudentNeeds With Technology Instructor: Deborah Naughton | | Rhonda Reed | 11/20/2013 | | Assistive Technology Evaluation Assistive technology evaluation must be in an initial or three year reevaluation. In addition, to the assistive technology is that it’s an ongoing process which is driven by a lot of changes in the student needs, but not limited to the participation, access, curriculum, or environmental changesRead MoreAssistive Technology And Instructional Technology1551 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The number one benefit of information technology is that it empowers people to do what they want to do. It lets people be creative. It lets people be productive. It lets people learn things they didn t think they could learn before, and so in a sense it is all about potential.† –Steve Ballmer Technology can be very empowering especially for children who are exceptional. In understanding both Assistive Technology and Instructional technology one may begin to see how they can both beneficial to studentRead MoreAssistive Technology Essay1440 Words   |  6 Pagespresent society places technology on a high pedestal. This pedestal contains all of the hi-tech, yet sophisticated gadgets, gizmos, and all of the other novel items that are inundating our households. Items such as computers and cell phones enable us to communicate via e-mail, text message, and video (Stodden, Roberts, Picklesimer, Jackson Chang, 2006). Innovative items may be taken for granted but if we understand their significance and how they help us live in a technology driven and dependentRead MoreAssistive Technologies For The Classroom1752 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Assistive technologies are any device or aid that makes completing a task easier. From something as simple as large print for the vision impaired, to more complex assistive technologies like hearing aids for the hearing impaired. Assistive technologies are designed to make life and learning easier. The use of assistive technologies inside the classroom is dependent upon many factors. From what support is provided by the school and other agencies, to the standards and regulations thatRead More Assistive Technology for Computing Essay1139 Words   |  5 PagesAssistive Technology for Computing One thing that programmers generally don’t take into account when they’re typing out code is How accessible is my program or website going to be for someone who’s impaired in some way? Unfortunately, this has become a problem in our society which many people are hoping to fix. Already, there’s a huge assortment of products - software, hardware, accessories, etc. - to accommodate those with impairments or disabilities of every sort. Here, we will see the technologyRead More Assistive Technology Essay example2112 Words   |  9 PagesAssistive Technology Abstract: Assistive technology is one way that individuals with learning disabilities have been able to overcome the difficulties with comprehension that they possess. This form of technology comes in many forms, ranging from low to high technology devices. These devices, some as simple as a highlighter, help to organize and keep on track the individual with a learning disability. Assistive technology has many benefits to a student and helps individuals to compensate inRead MoreAssistive Technology Solutions For Students With Learning Disabilities769 Words   |  4 PagesAssistive Technology Solutions Technological advances have increased access to the curriculum for students with learning disabilities. Assistive technology are the devices and services used to maintain or improve the capabilities of a student with a disability (Dell, Newton, Petroff, 2011). Through these technologies, students with learning disabilities are able to complete tasks in the classroom that they were otherwise, unable to achieve. Prior to the availability of assistive technology, aRead MoreShould Assistive Technology Be Disabled Students With Disabilities Education Act ( Idea )812 Words   |  4 PagesDisabilities Education Act (IDEA) 1997 and IDEA 2004 provided disabled students with options for assistive technology in the classroom as well as assistive technology services. It is through these mandates that Individual Educational Plans (IEP) began to include assistive technology options. The IDEA 2004 â€Å"law mandates that assistive technology devices and services be provided to students with disa bilities if the technology is essential for accessing education-related resources. (Dell, Newton, Petroff, 2012Read More Assistive Technology for Individuals with Disabilities Essay1863 Words   |  8 PagesAssistive Technology for Individuals with Disabilities Assistive technology plays an important role in the learning process for individuals with disabilities. Assistive technology is defined as any item, piece of equipment or product system, whether acquired commercially off the shelf, modified, or customized, that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities. (Maushak, Kelley Blodgett, 2001, p. 419) Assistive technology is very beneficialRead MoreTechnology : Assistive Technology1655 Words   |  7 Pageswould need crutches. Crutches are an important piece of technology know as assistive technology. The spectrum is extremely broad for assistive technology, and has been changing dramatically since the 1900s. It can range all the way from crutches, to a software device that can read where your eyes are looking to improve communication. Assistive technology is a broad term for any assistive, adaptive, or rehabilitative device. Assistive technology is defined as any item, piece of equipment, or product

Significance of Logistic Optimization

Question: Explain Significance of Logistic Optimization in Minimizing Operational Costs and Improving Organizational Profitability: NZ Express Transport. Answer: Introduction One of the biggest problems that NZ Express Transport dealing with empty containers. Repositioning of empty container costs the company as much as as moving a full load container. This is critical issue for transport and logistics companies as for moving empty trucks would not make any money on shipping. The industry has to spend on an average $16 billion per year. This translates to 15 % of all the operational costs related to container assets. Additionally, the longer the truck has to wait to be filled, the higher is the cost of maintaining and repositioning (Dekker et al., 2013). The purpose of this study, therefore, is to access the impact of logistic optimization on increasing organizational efficiency and profitability. Background of the research and scope of study NZ Express Transport is locally owned business firm that provides Road Transport, Warehousing, International Forwarding and Container Services. The transportation industry is a highly competitive industry and in order to run a profitably sustainable business NZ Express Transport has to devise strategies to decrease operational cost without affecting the business and increase profit margins. Other strategy that can be implemented by logistic company is Logistics Optimization that aims to reduce operational costs and achieving high delivery standards. Logistic optimization provides great opportunity for NZ Express Transport to attain significant reduction in the operational cost. With the effective implementation of logistics operations optimization NZ Express can save up to 10% to 40% on operational costs by improving decision such as the optimal selection of inventory placement and transportation modes (Simchi et al., 2013). Research aim The key aim of this research is to analyze the effect of logistic optimization on operating cost and profitability of NZ Express Transport. This research also intends to improve the efficiency and profitability of the company by means of devising mechanisms to reduce operational costs. One of the strategies under logistic optimization is to formulate and implement vehicle routing plan in order to minimize transportation costs and to minimize inventory carrying cost at the warehouses. Other strategy can be to convert all Less than Truck Loads (LTL) into Full Truck Loads (FTL). In addition, it is important to develop a plan to minimize instances of moving empty truck (containers) form one place to another (Robson McCartan, 2016). Research objectives To investigate the role of operating costs on companys profitability To understand the effect of logistic optimization on reducing operational costs Research questions How operating cost affects the financial position of NZ Express Transport? What logistic optimization strategies can be implemented to reduce operating costs? What is the relation between operating cost of the company and its operational efficiency and profitability? Structure of the research paper The research paper consists of five chapters. The chapter one is the research paper would be the research proposal that is discussed in this paper, the background of the research topic organization, research aims and research questions is discussed. The second chapter would be the literature review of the topic. It will describe important concepts and theories of the selected topic area as well as conceptual framework of the selected research topics. The third chapter would describe the research methodology and data collection methods. The fourth chapter of the research paper would discuss data analysis and findings of the study. The final chapter would be the concluding parts of the study. How research objectives are linked with the research findings are discussed. In addition, limitations of the study and future scope of the study is discussed (Flick, 2015). Literature review and conceptual framework This chapter consists of critical review of the research proposal topic and factors affecting the research topic are underlined. For this study, the impact of operational cost on the organizational efficiency and profitability of NZ Express Transport has been discussed (Caunhye et al., 2012). Conceptual framework (Source: as created by author) Research methodology Outline of the research methodology Research methodology provides a basic framework for the research study and acts as a guiding force for the research activities. It comprises of research approach, research design and data collection methods. It enables the researcher to reach a firm conclusion and fulfill the research objectives. For this study the research methodology has been develop on the components influencing operational costs and profitability of the NZ Express Transport. The study aims at finding the implications of the of operational cost on the profitability of NZ Express Transport, deductive methodology and descriptive research design is used. Both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection are used. Non-probabilistic sampling methods are used for collecting primary data (Panneerselvam, 2014). Research approach Two of the most common research approaches are deductive and inductive research designs. For this study deductive research design is used. Deductive research aims at selecting the relevant theories, hypothesis testing and data analysis to achieve firm conclusion. The deductive research approach would help in developing mechanisms to reduce operational costs in the selected logistic organization and studying the effect of operation cost on the organizations profitability (Neuman Robson, 2012). Research design Research design assists in the interpretation of findings of data analysis. The three basic research design used are exploratory, explanatory and descriptive. For this research study descriptive research design is used. Descriptive research design helps in establishing the relation between research objectives and research findings (Yin, 2013). Data collection methods For this research study both primary and secondary data would be collected. With the help of primary and secondary the research objective can be achieved and validity of the research can be established. The purpose of this research is to access the relation between operating costs and the profitability if NZ Express Transport, therefore, relevant primary data needs to be collected from the company employees and the management. For secondary data collection review of previous researchers work is analyzed (Numbers Time, 2012). Research method For this research both qualitative and quantitative research method is employed. Quantitative analysis would be conducted by collecting large number of data from the respondents through the survey questionnaire. On the other hand qualitative research design aims improving the quality of product and services. It is important to keep the operational cost to a minimum level and develop strategies to minimize the lead time and also to avoid the situations of moving empty containers. Therefore, observation and study of competitors strategy can provide solutions to these problems. Hence, both qualitative and quantitative research is found suitable for this study. Research timeline The total time that would be required to successfully complete the research is depicted with the help of Gantt chart (Baker Trietsch, 2013). Research tasks 30.05.16 06.06. 16 07.06.16 13.06.16 14.06.16 21.06.16 22.06.16 29.06.16 30.06.16 06.07.16 07.07.16 - 15.07.16 16.07.16 25.07.16 Selection of research topic and analysis of scope of study Deciding secondary data sources Literature Review Research Methodology formulation Devising survey questions Primary data collection Analysis of data Findings Conclusion and recommendation Final report submission (Source: as created by author) References Baker, K. R., Trietsch, D. (2013). Principles of sequencing and scheduling. John Wiley Sons. Caunhye, A. M., Nie, X., Pokharel, S. (2012). Optimization models in emergency logistics: A literature review. Socio-economic planning sciences, 46(1), 4-13. Dekker, R., Fleischmann, M., Inderfurth, K., van Wassenhove, L. N. (Eds.). (2013). Reverse logistics: quantitative models for closed-loop supply chains. Springer Science Business Media. Flick, U. (2015). Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Neuman, W. L., Robson, K. (2012). Basics of social research: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Numbers, C., Time, C. (2012). Data Collection Methods. Review of Sociology, 17, 225-249. Panneerselvam, R. (2014). Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Robson, C., McCartan, K. (2016). Real world research. Wiley. Simchi-Levi, D., Chen, X., Bramel, J. (2013). The logic of logistics: theory, algorithms, and applications for logistics management. Springer Science Business Media. Yin, R. K. (2013). Case study research: Design and methods. Sage publications.

Common sense in Salem Essay Example

Common sense in Salem Essay Witchcraft is ipso facto, on its face and by its nature, an invisible crime is it not? Therefore who may possibly be witness to it? The witch and the victim. In Arthur Millars The Crucible logic and superstition are manipulated and entwined in a re-enactment of the Salem witch trials in America in the 1690s. The governing system of Salem is a theocracy; the religious heads of the society make decisions and have power. Because the bible states that witches exist, when accusations of witchcraft start theyre taken as being reasonable before considering the circumstances surrounding them, thus superstition overcomes reason. Millar makes vivid the triumph of superstition by the symbolism of light in settings; light being symbolic of reason or goodliness and darkness being of evil or superstitions, His use of characterization of two key characters Proctor and Rebecca Nurse who are convicted and by the use of plot development, and also of reverend Hales conflicting views throughout the play. Millar makes vivid the triumph of superstition over common sense by the use of imagery and the symbolism of light in the settings in The Crucible. In the first description of the reverends house, where Betty fakes her illness, there is a symbolic image of light; there is a narrow window at the left. Through its leaded panes the morning sunlight streams. This depicts a small window letting cracks of light into the room. The significance of the light entering being sunlight is important as the sun is often associated with gods, especially in the culture of American Indians who believe that the sun is their god. We will write a custom essay sample on Common sense in Salem specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Common sense in Salem specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Common sense in Salem specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The sun comes from high above, like heaven, which is significant as the small cracks represent the small amount of heaven and therefore reasoning that is filtering through the room. Danforth later declares we live no longer in the dusky afternoon when evil mixed itself with good and befuddled the world Danforth is directly referring to darkness as being a symbol that is disguising goodness (In the form of light). The triumph of superstition is shown by the irony of what he says because it is clear to the reader that Salems way of life is cloudier of common sense than it ever has been. The words of the supposedly highest intellectual ; who has been entrusted by the community of Salem with the right to end the lives of John Proctor, Rebecca Nurse and many others shows no reason or analysis and his decisions are based solely on superstitious accusations. It is clear here that his sense of logic and reason couldnt be more wrong, Millars presentation of this makes vivid the triumph of superstition over evil. In the last few lines of The Crucible Elizabeth has accepted Proctors death as a condemnation of the church and has lost her husband for her cause, the common sense each of these Characters possesses is one that overcomes superstition. The goodness reflected in Elizabeth is shown in the last scene as the stage directions state that the new sun is pouring upon her face it underlines the goodness within her as heaven shines onto her. Elizabeths actions are deemed good so the actions of society are deemed bad. Thus the triumph of superstition over reason in the town is made vivid. Millar Makes vivid the triumph of superstition over reason by the characterization of Rebecca Nurse, a key characters in the Crucible. At The exposition of the play, when Reverend Hale meets Rebecca Nurse he states that we have heard of your great charities as far as Beverly this shows that Rebecca has a great deal of respect as a devout Christian woman not only in Salem but also abroad. There is a class system in Salem based on the Christian standing of the individual, Rebecca nurse therefore was in the highest class and had the highest level of respect in the town. It took little persuasion for the townspeople to believe that someone who was in a low class, and whose morals were questionable, was in fact a witch. To convict a low class citizen is a triumph of superstition over reason but not a great one. However when the highest members of standing in the town are convicted of witchcraft it is really made vivid to the reader that the members of the community which accept and condone the sentencing have let superstition overcome their reason and common sense Rebecca Nurse is no Bridget that lived three year with Bishop before she married him. Thus Millar depicts the triumph of superstition over common sense by the progression of how higher class members will be accepted as being guilty in the court. The triumph is made vivid by the conviction of Rebecca Nurse; the epitome of good in Salem, because her life has been completely pure no logic could declare her a witch therefore superstition has completely triumphed. Millar also characterizes John Proctor who is also very upper-class, he is spoken of by Cheever: I know this man all my life, it is a good man, sir this stands as a character reference and shows his good standing. John is later convicted of witchcraft for defending his wife; an action the reader would deem as being honorable. He is sentenced to hang when he will not confess to witchcraft, yet it is common knowledge that John Proctor is no Isaac Ward that drank his family to ruin John Proctor is a respectable man who is an unlikely candidate for witchcraft. After the sentencing of his wife, John states that God is dead the Judges take this as being heretical, yet if they examined it with reason they would see that he means that God is not being fairly represented in the court, their blindness to see fairly shows their lack of common sense, this combined with their tendency to believing superstitious accusations which are not factual, show the triumph of superstition over common sense in Salem, it is made vivid by the progression in which they will un-hesitantly condemn a person of such high standing in the community to death .

Free Essays on The Reluctant Rider

The Reluctant Rider Why the Chinese developed horseback riding late But grew to become master horsemen Look back at man's struggle for freedom. Trace our present day's strength to its source, And you'll find that man's pathway to glory Is strewn with the bones of a horse. anonymous Wherever man has left his footprints in the long ascent from barbarism to civilization, we will find the hoofprint of a horse beside it. -John Trotwood Moore- Ancient civilizations of the world have all made important progressions related to their use of the horse. The ancient Chinese appear to have been significantly more advanced in a wide range of areas than their contemporaries in other nearby countries. Why, then, did the development of horseback riding occur so much later than in some less sophisticated societies? There are several answers for this question, relating to China’s politics, culture, and geography. The Chinese sedentary lifestyle did not demand horseback riding the way the Mongolians’ did. They acquired and domesticated horses much later and did not develop the same reverence for horses that the northern people had. The Chinese avoided contact with the Mongolians, from whom they would eventually learn horsemanship skills much more effective than their own. The Chinese took to horseback riding slowly, but once it caught on it became an integral part of their lives and the Chinese became some of the wo rld’s most accomplished horsemen. Domestication of horses seems to have started in the Ukrainian steppes around 5000 BC and slowly moved south, east, and west from there. The primitive, nomadic man of the steppe hunted horses for meat, which lead to them following herds and eventually keeping horses. Horses served not only as livestock, but the docile ones could be used as pack animals as well. The Mongols kept herds of sheep, goats, and other livestock. Keeping these animals together and moving them at ... Free Essays on The Reluctant Rider Free Essays on The Reluctant Rider The Reluctant Rider Why the Chinese developed horseback riding late But grew to become master horsemen Look back at man's struggle for freedom. Trace our present day's strength to its source, And you'll find that man's pathway to glory Is strewn with the bones of a horse. anonymous Wherever man has left his footprints in the long ascent from barbarism to civilization, we will find the hoofprint of a horse beside it. -John Trotwood Moore- Ancient civilizations of the world have all made important progressions related to their use of the horse. The ancient Chinese appear to have been significantly more advanced in a wide range of areas than their contemporaries in other nearby countries. Why, then, did the development of horseback riding occur so much later than in some less sophisticated societies? There are several answers for this question, relating to China’s politics, culture, and geography. The Chinese sedentary lifestyle did not demand horseback riding the way the Mongolians’ did. They acquired and domesticated horses much later and did not develop the same reverence for horses that the northern people had. The Chinese avoided contact with the Mongolians, from whom they would eventually learn horsemanship skills much more effective than their own. The Chinese took to horseback riding slowly, but once it caught on it became an integral part of their lives and the Chinese became some of the wo rld’s most accomplished horsemen. Domestication of horses seems to have started in the Ukrainian steppes around 5000 BC and slowly moved south, east, and west from there. The primitive, nomadic man of the steppe hunted horses for meat, which lead to them following herds and eventually keeping horses. Horses served not only as livestock, but the docile ones could be used as pack animals as well. The Mongols kept herds of sheep, goats, and other livestock. Keeping these animals together and moving them at ...

Diversity in the Business World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Diversity in the Business World - Essay Example racteristics and experiences, such as communication style, career path, life experience, educational background, geographic location, income level, marital status, military experience, parental status and other variables that influence personal perspectives. In general workforce diversity is viewed as a competitive advantage and a business opportunity. Diversity is also about diversity of thought and ideas. In fact a good prospective business is only possible if the company taps these diversities (CHUBB, 2006). Traditional businesses are totally different from the present day businesses. Not just because of the temporary economic downturn, or the technology-driven shift in business practice. Rather, globalization has taken over and business has become radically global in scope and with this change, the very face of business has altered. Business today is not just the property of a few privileged people as in the case of traditional systems. Business today is conducted by and caters to men and women of every conceivable background and culture. Staff of every ethnicity are sometimes further alienated by mandated "diversity workshops," which attempted to teach them how to get along with their co-workers. In total, these were brute force approaches to mandating diversity and, though sometimes successful in engendering a more representative staff, did little to convey the true benefits of diversity either to employees or to the companies customer bases. Therefore, truly lasting change has been slow to come. It is a well known fact that managing change can be difficult. However, with change comes opportunity, and this is the key principle of effective businesses - possessing the skill and agility to take the best out of polymorphic business. Businesses today have come to recognize the many benefits of a diverse approach, which is facilitated by a diverse workforce. Today, globalization has taken over business. As the international and domestic consumer base

Comparing two non fiction texts (comparing two texts on travel) Coursework

Comparing two non fiction texts (comparing two texts on travel) - Coursework Example In the last paragraph, the author has posed a challenge to the coach operators to ensure the quality of services which are rendered at the hotels where the food and lodging is arranged. This clearly suggests that the author intends to warn the operators to be careful on their quality of service. However, the text also speaks to the tourists who are planning their holidays. By directly targeting the operators, the author is successful in communicating to a larger audience by advising them to make a smart choice. The author has creatively used a language which very much connects with people who travel. The author is thus assuming that the people reading it will readily understand this language. However, it must be noted here that the article has come up in a magazine exclusively catering for travelers and operators. As being a traveler himself, the attitude of a larger share of the audience is well understood by the author. This is evident in the interesting word choice of the author. The text largely influences both categories of the audience. It while on one side is urging the operators to be careful of their quality, on the other side it warns the travelers of inferior quality of service. The second text, which is an advertisement, intends to cater for fun loving travelers. The advertisement has very less text on it and is communicating to its audience through its vibrant colour and appearance. In that context, the layout of the advertisement has been successful in extending the desired message to the right audience. The target audience of the advertisement is clearly people who are looking for economy travel. The discounts which are being offered are prominently included on both sides of the brochure. The balloons included on the back cover would readily fetch the attention of the intended audience. The text included is aimed to persuade the target audience to avail the services on offer. The caption on the top of the page urges the reader to make use of the available holidays. Different from the first text, here is the reader is not being educated but is being influenced to travel in South Eastern Railway. The scope of entrainment in and around London is well portrayed in the brochure. The descriptions on different places included are also largely persuasive in nature. The author of the first text makes it clear that he is a person with lifelong interest in travel and businesses allied with it. He has stated that he is not an operator. These statements are helping to project the concern the author has towards the problems pointed out. This in turn makes the arguments of the author more legitimate. The article, through four different examples of quality issues in holiday by coach, is keen on suggesting the negative opinion towards the latest developments in the industry discusses. The author substantiates it by contrasting these developments with the pleasant past experiences. However, the author later in the article takes a balanced st and by putting the blame on the hoteliers and not fully on the operators. He even suggests that the quality issues exist even in cases where the operators are really good. The holistic perception that the author shares with the audience is an urgent need of quality check by the operators. Reading between the lines, the travelers are also warned to be careful of the lacunas mentioned. In the case of the

Secondary Malignancies in Pediatric Population

Secondary Malignancies in Pediatric Population Secondary malignancies in pediatric population: a case series and literature review Introduction Advances in medical care therapies and early diagnosis has fulfilled the hope for normal life expectancy in many cancerous patients with a 5 year survival rate for at least 75% in childhood (1). Although expecting 70% long-term survive in children with diagnosed cancer, 60-70% of them will develop a consequential disability by the primary cancer treatment as a cost(2). Development of second cancer (a new cancer following the first after a complete treatment , whether the onset is in childhood or as an adult, however histologically different from the origin) is a grieving expected side- effect embracing 6% of all diagnosed cancers in Unites states (3), as a result of the carcinogenic effects of chemotherapy drugs and radiation on both normal and cancerous cells (4). When major risk factors for developing the secondary malignancies in childhood survivors such as the primary origin, early diagnosis , onset age, duration of therapy , dose received and familial history of the cancer are c onsidered , radiation associated solid tumors as well as hematologic malignancies account for the most probable types in secondary cancers (5-8). Despite the excellent prognosis for long-term survival in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, retinoblastoma and Hodgkin lymphoma , radiation associated secondary solid tumors almost covers two-thirds of all cases in long term (4, 9, 10). The increased risk of the incidence persists for at least 30 years after the primary treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma (11). Chemotherapy agents, such as alkylating agents have been proposed to play role in secondary cancers incidence. Although studies in field of secondary cancers and their relationship with administered treatment protocols have been a field of interest for researchers, data regarding this topic is rather inconclusive because of variety of factors involved (12, 13). In present case series study, a series of pediatric secondary malignancies with different primary cancers and subsequent treatment protocol are presented. Methods: In this case series study, 11 samples were selected retrospectively from patients attending at Mahak Pediatric Cancer Treatment and Research Center (Tehran, Iran) from 2007 to 2016, who were diagnosed with a secondary cancer. All a patients had been already diagnosed with a primary cancer and had received standard treatment protocol of primary cancer. Clinical information was obtained by the authors or provided by referring physicians. Using patients records, past medical history, type of primary and secondary cancer including method of diagnosis, cumulative doses of cytotoxic drugs and treatment outcome was extracted. In case of any missing records, patients were contacted to acquire required data. All patients had already undergone required diagnostic modalities to diagnose malignancies properly. A literature search in Ovid, Medline and PubMed was carried out using the terms secondary cancer, chemotherapy and radiotherapy to provide enough material to discuss findings. A medical in formation scientist performed the literature retrieval and the initial screening of relevant studies. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 16. Quantitative data was expressed as mean  ± standard deviation and frequency (percentage). Case history Patients primary malignancies type and administered therapy are shown in Table 1. Patients Secondary cancer type and features of therapy administered is shown in Table 2. Patients No.1 was a 15 years old girl, who presented with pain in buttocks when she was 4 years old, then following bone marrow biopsy. She was first diagnosed with Ewing sarcoma. During 1 year of treatment, She underwent VAC/IE (vincristine (VCR) + doxorubicin (ADR) + cyclophosphamide (CPA) alternating with ifosfamide (IF) + etoposide) regimen. This treatment protocol led to complete remission. After 1 year, during a routine laboratory test, elevated levels of white blood cell was detected. Following flow-cytometry and cytogenetic studies, pre-B cell precursor ALL diagnosis was confirmed, which was associated with central nervous system involvement according to lumbar puncture examination. During 3 years, she was administered with X regimen. Also, complete CNS prophylaxis protocol was also administered. Complete remission was confirmed for her after treatment. During 6 years of follow-up, she has not had any signs of relapse. Patient No.2 was a 12 years old boy, who attended clinic presenting with balance disorder. Following 24-hour urine catecholamine test and MIBG scan neuroblastoma diagnosis was made. He underwent OPEC regimen (vincristine, cisplatin, etoposide and cyclophosphamide) and daunorubicin, which led to remission. When he was 6 years old, in a routine laboratory test, elevated white blood cells were detected. Flow-cytometry studies indicated ALL(L1), so the patient was administered with standard regimen and intrathecal chemotherapy. This treatment led to complete remission. During 2 years of follow-up patients has no sign of relapse. Patient No.3 was a 14 year old, who had first presented with headache. Following imaging, meduloblastoma diagnosis was made. After 10 months of chemotherapy and radiation, patient had complete remission. Patient had a history of heart failure. Two years later, an elevated white blood cells were detected in complete blood count. Flow-cytometry studies revealed non-M3 AML. Despite chemotherapy, patient was expired after 12 days of treatment initiation. Patients No.4 was 12 years old girl, who presented with intermittent coughs. So, bronchoscopy was performed, which revealed small cell lung tumor. She underwent 4 months of chemotherapy , radiotherapy and pulmonary lobectomy. During this period, when she had been receiving chemotherapy for 3 months, she presented altered level of consciousness. Following lumbar puncture and cerebrospinal fluid flowcytometry AML diagnosis was made. She underwent CNS prophylaxis. Despite 3 months of treatment, patient was expired. Patient No.5 is a 21 year old girl, who first presented with right sided pre-orbital swelling when she was 12 years old. Following biopsy, histiocytosis X diagnosis was made. After treatment she was in complete remission, but two years later a brain CT scan revealed signs of disease relapse. when 15 years old, due to the elevated white blood cells count and flow-cytometry AML(M1) diagnosis was made. Although patient underwent 2 years of chemotherapy, she did not continue the treatment process, so she was lost to follow-up. Patient No.6 is a 13 year old girl, who was first diagnosed with retinoblastoma when she was 4 months old. She underwent VEC (vincristine+etoposide+carboplatin) chemotherapy protocol and radiotherapy. Enucleation was performed for both eyes when she was 2 years old. At last, patient had complete remission. When she was 11 years old, she attended clinic with right-sided face pain. After biopsy, osteosarcoma diagnosis was made. She underwent MAP protocol (High-dose methotrexate, cisplatin, and doxorubicin), ifosfamide and etoposide for 40 weeks. After complete remission, she has had no sign of relapse so far. Patient No.7 is a 12 years old boy, who was first diagnosed with actrocytoma grade II-III shown as a supratentorial mass in brain imaging which was confirmed by biopsy. Then, patient underwent PCV (lomustine + procarbazine + vincristine) plus temozolomide protocol and radiotherapy. After 6 courses of chemotherapy, patients underwent gross total resection of tumor. One year after complete remission, patient presented with backache. Biopsy indicated gliosarcoma. So far patient has undergone radiotherapy and surgery, also he is still going through chemotherapy. Based on the literature review, Discussion Based on information from the U.S. Surveillance Epidemiology, about 16 percent of cancers are in persons with a prior history of cancer. It is thought that the main point behind this phenomenon is that patients after treatment of cancer, patients live long enough to have second cancer (14). But as matter of fact, the cancer experience does not finish as treatment does. Cancer and the administered treatment (including radiation, chemotherapy, surgery, hormonal therapy, and newer drug therapies) can affect almost every aspect of an individuals life. Besides, not considering the secondary cancers as a part of natural incidences of time course, secondary cancers might be due to the treatments received by the patients at time of primary cancer treatment (15). Most of the therapies used in cancer, aim at destroying cancerous cells by affecting their genetic structures, but in therapy process normal cell are also involved just as malignant cells. This involvement will consequently lead to a poptosis, mutation or recovery. Mutations are tried to be minimized by the corrective mechanisms defined in cells and immune system (16). When these mechanisms fail a newly established malignancy is unavoidable. Current study presents 7 patients with secondary cancers (5 hematological malignancies, 1 osteosarcoma and 1 gliosarcoma). All secondary malignancies in current study had mesanchymal components, also both localized secondary malignancies (gliosarcoma and osteosarcoma) were in previous radiotherapy field. Vincristine, etopside and alkylating agents (such as ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide) were the most used cytotoxic drugs. Both patients No.3 and 4 who were expired, had undergone chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Based on the literature review, alkylating agents such as ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide are know of mainstays of treatments for hematologic malignancies, solid tumors and preconditioning regiments for hematologic stem cell transplantation, but it has been shown that they are important risk factors for development of secondary malignancies as they increase in the relative risk for a secondary malignancy of 1.5-2.5 (17-21). Especially, exposure to alkylating agents has been associated with an increased risk hematologic malignancies development, often referred to as therapy-related acute myelogenous leukemia (22, 23). Therapy-related AML seems to have an onset within 5-7 years after therapy for primary cancer, and this risk appears to increase further with the concomitant use of epipodophyllotoxins such as etopside (24). In present case series, patients No. 1,2 and 4 had also received a combination of alkylating agents and etopside, which could have been a major risk factor for the se condary malignancy. In a study by Bhatia et al. investigating Therapy-related myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukemia after Ewing sarcoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor of bone, it was concluded that exposure to ifosfamide from 90 to 140 g/m2, cyclophosphamide from 9.6 to 17.6 g/m2, and doxorubicin from 375 to 450 mg/m2 increased the risk of tharapy related myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukemia significantly (25). Patient No. 1 had also received doxorubicin, ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide , but the cumulative doses were not that much of what Bhatia et al.(25) mentioned. In a study by Granowetter et al. about comparing dose-Intensified with standard chemotherapy for non-metastatic Ewing sarcoma, it was concluded that dose escalation of alkylating agents do not improve the outcome for patients with Ewing sarcoma of bone or soft tissue (25). So, by taking this into account, more cautious approaches should be chosen when deciding about chemotherapy doses, especially alkylating agents. Topoisomerase II inhibitors as another well-known chemotherapeutic agents are widely used treatment of pediatric malignancies. This category includes anthracyclines (e.g. doxorubicin) , anthracenediones as well as epipodophyllotoxins (e.g. etoposide and tenoposide)(26). Therapy related AMLs due to topoisomerase II inhibitors are known as an entity of therapy and incidence varies in literature, but has been reported as high as 9% (27-29). In contrast to the latency period after exposure to alkylating agents which was about 5-7 years, therapy related AMLs after topoisomerase II exposures have a more early onset, usually within 2-3 years after primary malignancy chemotherapy (24). In present case series, the time interval between secondary AMLs and primary therapy were less than 2 years, which is less than what mentioned for alkylating agents and topoisomerase II inhibitors; this might be due to the combination of these categories in our therapy protocols. Based on studies, the most eff ective agents against secondary hematologic malignancies due to top topoisomerase II inhibitors are cytarabine, dactinomycin, daunorubicin, docetazel, mitoxantrone, gemcitabine, mitomycin C, etoposide, teniposide, topotecan, triethylnemelamine, and vinblastine (30-32). Also, in present case series, following agents were used for secondary malignancy chemotherapy. Ionizing radiation as a standard of care for many pediatric malignancies is used in many conditions such as CNS malignancies, Hodgkins lymphoma, solid tumors and as part of preconditioning regimens for hematologic stem cell transplantation (33). Carcinogen role of ionizing radiation is reported in detail in the literature. According to The Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, ionizing radiation exposure was accompanied with a relative risk of developing secondary malignancy of 2.7, and was also the strongest independent risk factor for secondary malignancy development (34). In a study based on German Childhood Cancer Registry, it was concluded that ionizing radiation after adjustment for various chemotherapy was associated with an odds ratio of developing a secondary malignancy at 2.05 (35). For the development of secondary malignancy after radiation the latency period is typically 10-15 years after primary treatment is typically 10-15 years after primary treatment (36). Common secondary malignancies seen in pediatric population with prior cancer history include bone tumors, breast and thyroid carcinoma, non-melanoma skin cancer and benign CNS tumors. These tumors are often associated with previously irradiated treatment region (4, 37-39); in present case series, patients No. 3, 4, 6 and 7 had received radiotherapy, and in patients No. 6 and 7 had the secondary malignancies where the prior field of radiotherapy was, although incidence of these malignancies are far less than the latency period mentioned. Radiotherapy is the most important therapeutic modality in the treatment of many primary CNS tumors, so this have brought secondary malignancies as an undeniable component of this modality (40). In a study by Packer et al. studying survival and secondary tumors in children with medulloblastoma receiving radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy, reported on 359 children with medulloblastoma treated with 2,340 cGy of craniospinal radiation with 5,580 cGy of posterior fossa radiotherapy and chemotherapy, also it was reported that 5 percent of patients developed a secondary malignancy, with a majority of them being highly aggressive gliomas. The median time to a secondary malignancy was 5.8 years, with an estimated cumulative incidence rate at 5 and 10 years of 1.1 percent and 4.2% percent, respectively (41); similar to this study, in present case series, patient No. 7 who had undergone radiotherapy due to astrocytoma, developed gliosarcoma as the secondary tumor. Fortunately this patients is currently under treatment and his condition is improving. Conclusion Present case series study, presented a series of patients with secondary neoplasms with their administered cumulative doses of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Considering this , these information might lead to a more cautious approach in selecting chemotherapy and radiotherapy protocols. Further studies should focus on comparing different treatment protocols with adequate follow-up period not also to evaluate treatment efficacy, but to assess long term consequences. Also, studies with more detailed treatment protocol of patients with secondary malignancies should be performed to make a more precise conclusion. References: 1.Bhatia S, Sklar C. Second cancers in survivors of childhood cancer. Nature Reviews Cancer. 2002;2(2):124-32. 2.Hall EJ. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy, protons, and the risk of second cancers. International Journal of Radiation Oncology* Biology* Physics. 2006;65(1):1-7. 3.Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2015. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians. 2015;65(1):5-29. 4.Schneider U, Lomax A, Lombriser N. Comparative risk assessment of secondary cancer incidence after treatment of Hodgkins disease with photon and proton radiation. Radiation research. 2000;154(4):382-8. 5.Henderson TO, Rajaraman P, Stovall M, Constine LS, Olive A, Smith SA, et al. Risk factors associated with secondary sarcomas in childhood cancer survivors: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study. International Journal of Radiation Oncology* Biology* Physics. 2012;84(1):224-30. 6.Ng AK, Bernardo MP, Weller E, Backstrand K, Silver B, Marcus KC, et al. Second malignancy after Hodgkin disease treated with radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy: long-term risks and risk factors. Blood. 2002;100(6):1989-96. 7.Tarella C, Passera R, Magni M, Benedetti F, Rossi A, Gueli A, et al. Risk factors for the development of secondary malignancy after high-dose chemotherapy and autograft, with or without rituximab: a 20-year retrospective follow-up study in patients with lymphoma. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2010:JCO. 2010.28. 9777. 8.Neglia JP, Friedman DL, Yasui Y, Mertens AC, Hammond S, Stovall M, et al. Second malignant neoplasms in five-year survivors of childhood cancer: childhood cancer survivor study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 2001;93(8):618-29. 9.Kleinerman RA, Tucker MA, Tarone RE, Abramson DH, Seddon JM, Stovall M, et al. Risk of new cancers after radiotherapy in long-term survivors of retinoblastoma: an extended follow-up. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2005;23(10):2272-9. 10.Miralbell R, Lomax A, Cella L, Schneider U. Potential reduction of the incidence of radiation-induced second cancers by using proton beams in the treatment of pediatric tumors. International Journal of Radiation Oncology* Biology* Physics. 2002;54(3):824-9. 11.Tward JD, Wendland MM, Shrieve DC, Szabo A, Gaffney DK. The risk of secondary malignancies over 30 years after the treatment of nonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer. 2006;107(1):108-15. 12.Travis LB, Gospodarowicz M, Curtis RE, Aileen Clarke E, Andersson M, Glimelius B, et al. Lung Cancer Following Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy for Hodgkins Disease. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 2002;94(3):182-92. 13.Veiga LHS, Bhatti P, Ronckers CM, Sigurdson AJ, Stovall M, Smith SA, et al. Chemotherapy and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention. 2012;21(1):92-101. 14.Andrykowski MA. Physical and mental health status of survivors of multiple cancer diagnoses. Cancer. 2012;118(14):3645-53. 15.Boffetta P, Kaldor JM. Secondary malignancies following cancer chemotherapy. Acta Oncologica. 1994;33(6):591-8. 16.Obeid M, Panaretakis T, Tesniere A, Joza N, Tufi R, Apetoh L, et al. Leveraging the immune system during chemotherapy: moving calreticulin to the cell surface converts apoptotic death from silent to immunogenic. Cancer Research. 2007;67(17):7941-4. 17.Mertens AC, Liu Q, Neglia JP, Wasilewski K, Leisenring W, Armstrong GT, et al. Cause-Specific Late Mortality Among 5-Year Survivors of Childhood Cancer: The Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 2008;100(19):1368-79. 18.Hawkins MM, Wilson LMK, Burton HS, Potok MH, Winter DL, Marsden HB, et al. Radiotherapy, alkylating agents, and risk of bone cancer after childhood cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 1996;88(5):270-8. 19.Christiansen DH, Andersen MK, Pedersen-Bjergaard J. Mutations of AML1 are common in therapy-related myelodysplasia following therapy with alkylating agents and are significantly associated with deletion or loss of chromosome arm 7q and with subsequent leukemic transformation. Blood. 2004;104(5):1474-81. 20.Davies SM. Therapyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ related leukemia associated with alkylating agents. Medical and pediatric oncology. 2001;36(5):536-40. 21.Pedersen-Bjergaard J. Insights into leukemogenesis from therapy-related leukemia. New England Journal of Medicine. 2005;352(15):1591-4. 22.Schoch C, Kern W, Schnittger S, Hiddemann W, Haferlach T. Karyotype is an independent prognostic parameter in therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML): an analysis of 93 patients with t-AML in comparison to 1091 patients with de novo AML. Leukemia. 2004;18(1):120-5. 23.Linassier C, Barin C, Calais G, Letortorec S, Bremond J-L, Delain M, et al. Early secondary acute myelogenous leukemia in breast cancer patients after treatment with mitoxantrone, cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil and radiation therapy. Annals of oncology. 2000;11(10):1289-94. 24.Hijiya N, Ness KK, Ribeiro RC, Hudson MM. Acute leukemia as a secondary malignancy in children and adolescents: current findings and issues. Cancer. 2009;115(1):23-35. 25.Bhatia S, Krailo MD, Chen Z, Burden L, Askin FB, Dickman PS, et al. Therapy-related myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukemia after Ewing sarcoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor of bone: a report from the Childrens Oncology Group. Blood. 2007;109(1):46-51. 26.Hande KR. Topoisomerase II inhibitors. update on cancer therapeutics. 2008;3(1):13-26. 27.Hijiya N, Hudson MM, Lensing S, Zacher M, Onciu M, Behm FG, et al. Cumulative incidence of secondary neoplasms as a first event after childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Jama. 2007;297(11):1207-15. 28.Pui CH, Relling MV. Topoisomerase II inhibitorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ related acute myeloid leukaemia. British journal of haematology. 2000;109(1):13-23. 29.Ezoe S. Secondary leukemia associated with the anti-cancer agent, etoposide, a topoisomerase II inhibitor. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2012;9(7):2444-53. 30.Hoeksema KA, Jayanthan A, Cooper T, Gore L, Trippett T, Boklan J, et al. Systematic in-vitro evaluation of the NCI/NIH Developmental Therapeutics Program Approved Oncology Drug Set for the identification of a candidate drug repertoire for MLL-rearranged leukemia. Onco Targets Ther. 2011;4:149-68. 31.De Boer J, Walf-Vorderwà ¼lbecke V, Williams O. In focus: MLL-rearranged leukemia. Leukemia. 2013;27(6):1224-8. 32.Bernt KM, Armstrong SA. Targeting epigenetic programs in MLL-rearranged leukemias. ASH Education Program Book. 2011;2011(1):354-60. 33.Brenner DJ, Doll R, Goodhead DT, Hall EJ, Land CE, Little JB, et al. Cancer risks attributable to low doses of ionizing radiation: assessing what we really know. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2003;100(24):13761-6. 34.Friedman DL, Whitton J, Leisenring W, Mertens AC, Hammond S, Stovall M, et al. Subsequent neoplasms in 5-year survivors of childhood cancer: the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 2010;102(14):1083-95. 35.Kaatsch P, Reinisch I, Spix C, Berthold F, Janka-Schaub G, Mergenthaler A, et al. Case-control study on the therapy of childhood cancer and the occurrence of second malignant neoplasms in Germany. Cancer causes control. 2009;20(6):965-80. 36.Goldsby R, Burke C, Nagarajan R, Zhou T, Chen Z, Marina N, et al. Second solid malignancies among children, adolescents, and young adults diagnosed with malignant bone tumors after 1976. Cancer. 2008;113(9):2597-604. 37.Constine LS, Tarbell N, Hudson MM, Schwartz C, Fisher SG, Muhs AG, et al. Subsequent malignancies in children treated for Hodgkins disease: associations with gender and radiation dose. International Journal of Radiation Oncology* Biology* Physics. 2008;72(1):24-33. 38.Kry SF, Salehpour M, Followill DS, Stovall M, Kuban DA, White RA, et al. The calculated risk of fatal secondary malignancies from intensity-modulated radiation therapy. International Journal of Radiation Oncology* Biology* Physics. 2005;62(4):1195-203. 39.Werner-Wasik M, Swann RS, Bradley J, Graham M, Emami B, Purdy J, et al. Increasing tumor volume is predictive of poor overall and progression-free survival: Secondary analysis of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 93-11 phase I-II radiation dose-escalation study in patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer. International Journal of Radiation Oncology* Biology* Physics. 2008;70(2):385-90. 40.Soussain C, Ricard D, Fike JR, Mazeron J-J, Psimaras D, Delattre J-Y. CNS complications of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The Lancet. 2009;374(9701):1639-51. 41.Packer RJ, Zhou T, Holmes E, Vezina G, Gajjar A. Survival and secondary tumors in children with medulloblastoma receiving radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy: results of Childrens Oncology Group trial A9961. Neuro-Oncology. 2012. Table 1- Primary malignancies, administered cytotoxic and radiation therapies administered to patients . Patient No. Primary malignancy Age at diagnosis Treatment duration Chemotherapy (cumulative doses) Radiotherapy (cumulative doses) 1 Ewing sarcoma 4 y/o 1 year VCR 9.9 mg VP16 3630 mg IF 55 gr ADR 140 mg CPA 7 gr 2 Neuroblastoma 18 mo. 22 mo. VCR 9 mg CPA 3.5 gr VP16 400 mg ADR 60 mg Cisplatin 160 mg 3 Meduloblastoma 10 10 months VCR 24 mg CCNU 320 mg 360 Gy and 180 Gy (posterior fossa) 4 Small round cell tumor 12 4 months VCR 12 mg IF 60 gr VP16 3.9 gr 8 Gy 5 Histiocytosis X 12 1 year Vinblastine 135 mg 6 Retinoblastoma 4 mo. 14 months VCR 14 mg VP16 700 mg Carboplatin 3.5 gr 60 Gy 7 Astrocytoma 2 months 6 months months<

Shakespeares Soliloquies - Hamlet’s Soliloquy Essay -- The Tragedy of

Hamlet's Soliloquy  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚         The purpose of a soliloquy is to outline the thoughts and feelings of a certain character at a point in the play. It reveals the innermost beliefs of the character and offers an unbiased perspective as it is merely the character talking to the audience, albeit not directly, and not to any other characters who may cause the character to withhold their true opinions. Therefore, Hamlet's first soliloquy (act 1, scene 2) is essential to the play as it highlights his inner conflict caused by the events of the play. It reveals his true feelings and as such emphasizes the difference between his public appearance, his attitude towards Claudius in the previous scene is less confrontational than here where he is directly insulted as a "satyr", and his feelings within himself. In this essay, I will outline how Shakespeare communicates the turmoil of Hamlet's psyche.    Hamlet's despair stems from his mother's marriage to his uncle and it is this that is the driving force behind what is communicated. His constant repetition of the time in which it took the two to get married, "But two months dead...yet within a month...A little month...Within a month...most wicked speed", suggests his disgust at the situation and that it is not necessarily the nature of their "incestuous" relationship that troubles Hamlet; more the short time in which it occurred. In fact, this is especially well communicated to the audience as, throughout the soliloquy, the passage of time that Hamlet describes gets less from "two months" to "Within a month". This has the effect of outlining Hamlet's supposed contempt of his mother for only mourning a month whilst also highlighting that it is the time involved that is vexing him a... ...t only through the diction but also through the imagery, language and underlying messages of the text. It successfully highlights the divisions of character of Hamlet whilst aiding the audience in building a connection with him.    Works Cited and Consulted: Boklund, Gunnar. "Hamlet." Essays on Shakespeare. Ed. Gerald Chapman. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1965. Levin, Harry. General Introduction. The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1974. Mack, Maynard. "The World of Hamlet." Yale Review. vol. 41 (1952) p. 502-23. Rpt. in Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http://www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html No line nos.      

“Mariner’s Sin, Punishment, Redemption and His Penance”

â€Å"Mariner’s Sin, punishment, redemption and his penance† â€Å"If men could learn from history, what lessons it might teach us. But passion and party blind our eyes, and the light which experience gives us is a lantern on the stern, which shines only on the waves behind us. †Ã‚  This is one of the famous quotes by Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834). In his one of the magnificent work, â€Å"The Rime of the ancient Mariner†, Coleridge has been able to prove his quote mentioned above. The decision made by the young and excited Mariner to kill the albatross helping them and the consequences which was faced by the entire sailing crew.Mariner, the main character not only was sorry for what he did, he also went through a series of transformation making him understand his sin. He then suffered all his life searching for redemption. Mariner was all around the places to redeem his sin. Not only he suffered attacks from his haunted past, he had to let everyone know about his deed just to feel relaxed. Mariner killed someone who helped the entire crew survive the icebergs they were in after the storm stroked them. The albatross who flew with the boat, was decided to be a help from the god himself, resulting in all the sailors trying to pet the bird.As all the crew possessed positive aura when the iceberg cracked and they again were in the open sea covered with fog. Something evil consumed mariner heart and he killed the bird with his crossbow. The entire member was cursing him for his deed at first, but when the fog started clearing out everybody was praising the Mariner. Entire crew who was turning away from Mariner for what he did was now agreeing on the sin committed. This now makes all the crew full of sin, which was not be in their favor. Soon their situation turned worse, the breeze stopped, and they were in the middle of the ocean without any movement.Without any water, â€Å"Water, water, everywhere, Nor any drop to drink. † suddenly entire crew was begging for water. It’s a human nature to be happy and sad depending on the situation he puts himself in. When there are good things happening then they all forget about the harm it can cause. Coleridge proved the human nature on this poem. When the sin was committed, one tends to agree with it, until it has any negative effect. When god started wrath upon them, entire crew turned to Mariner to curse him again for what he did.In ones normal life, one always tries their best to blame someone for the sin they have helped in. God will always punish the one who have committed sin as like in the poem. As the entire crew was involved in the crime, soon they start to get punished. They start to see the wrath from the god in form of different unnatural ways in the grip of nature. The sun was getting really hot. â€Å"Down dropt the breeze, the sails dropt down†¦ † â€Å"All in a hot and copper sky, The bloody sun at noon. †Ã‚  Hot and dry, and without water the sailors were in dire need of help.Even putting the albatross’s cross around the mariner did not help anything. They could see the slimy and gross creature with legs making entire crew suspicious about their future. After the passing of the mysterious ghost ship, all the members start dying one by one. As if the sin committed by the mariner, was all the reason for the death. The Ancient Mariner is punished mentally by the spiritual world. The Mariner feels responsible for his crews suffering (along with the Mariners own suffering) as the penalty for killing the albatross.The Mariner is punished by being forced to watch his crew be released and knowing he must suffer further (he must suffer alone):  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The souls did from their bodies fly, They fled to bliss or woe! And every soul, it passed me by, Like the whizz of my cross-bow. † The Ancient Mariners physical and mental punishment continues and he becomes the living dead. The Mariner is force d to feel constant pain and has the constant urge to tell others (who he knows must hear his story) his story in order to momentarily relieve his pain: â€Å"That agony returns: And till my ghastly tale is told, this hurt within me burns. God plays in mysterious ways. Although Mariner is getting punished as his colleagues are dying one by one and all he can do is just look at them cursing him. To make mariner responsible for their misfortune they hung an albatross cross around the neck so that the mariner will see that every time and feel the pain and agony felt by the entire crew before dying. Mariner was getting punished also he possessed the guilt, but still god was testing him. Even in the worst situation ever faced by the mariner, god had a plan from which he could escape his guilt.The mariner's own sense of guilt is enhanced through the consequences he faces in the physical world, as a result of the powers of the metaphysical world. That is the powers of the spirits in the po em, allow for severe contrasts in the physical world, which in relation to the mariner's sense of guilt, are reflective of his own unsettled mind. â€Å".. More horrible than that†¦ I saw that curse, and yet I could not die. †He was in great pain. Soon the mariner was in a condition of a living dead person. He was alive, but for no good.Soon he realizes he needs help from the god, but the presence of the negative aura makes that impossible. â€Å"I looked to heaven, and tried to pray; But or ever a prayer had gusht, A wicked whisper came, and made my heart as dry as dust† Soon that night when he again sees the slimy creatures, he finds those creatures to be really wonderful and a part of god’s creation. He then understands every creature in this world is equally loved by their creature i. e. god. After realizing that his necklace of albatross fell and he was able to pray to god. The selfsame moment I could pray; And from my neck so free The Albatross fell o ff, and sank Like lead into the sea. † With the help from god, he could hear the curious and knowledgeable voice; he has to do a lot of penance in the future. Waking up after he fainted, he found it was raining; slowly he regained consciousness, and finds that his curse has been lifted, his entire crew members were alive filled with good souls and it was making the boat to move. â€Å"Then like a pawing horse let go, she made a sudden bound; It flung the blood into my head, and I fell down in a swound. When he reached towards his home, he was approached by the pilot and his young crewmate, also accompanied by the hermit. The hermit might have been sent by the help of god for the information about the penance to be done by the mariner all his life. The boat on which mariner was lying started to get fall in the ocean like the albatross fell when it was shot. Amazingly mariner was still floating on the ocean. When they make back to the shore, Mariner immediately starts asing for redemption.As the mariner closely associates the hermit with religion, to act like a priest, upon seeing the man, the mariner believes it is he who will free him from sin. â€Å"It is the hermit good! / He singeth loud his godly hymns that he makes in the wood . He’ll shrieve my soul he’ll wash away the Albatross’ blood†. The mariner intends for the hermit to wash away the albatross’ blood, and thus, his, sins. The hermit does allow this to happen –  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Oh shrieve me, shrieve me holy man! The hermit crossed his brow. ‘Say quick’, quoth he, ‘I bid thee say — what manner of man art thou?   The mariner is gripped with a compulsion to tell his story to the hermit. This is how the hermit offers the mariner redemption. As soon as he tells the story to hermit he feels really good. He is then told to tell his story to people who need to hear his tale to get off the pain that persists until he tell the story.  "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner† teach us to love all the creation of the god. Submission to god is the only option for all people to enjoy their life. It is really foolish to take an instant decision and face the consequences for ever.Only people, who love God’s creation i. e. men, birds, and animal and everything created by god, can pray well and gain a place in heaven. The poem also encourages people to be faithful to god. Redemption and somewhat penance may be the only way for anyone to get rid of his sins. It is up to us to decide what action are sins and what are not. There will be objects and situation which will make it harder for one to decide, but correctly analyzing and choosing ones action is the only way not to do any sin, which is far better than to penance all over one’s life like the mariner in the poem.Citation: -Stillinger/Lynch. Samuel Taylor Coleridge. â€Å"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. † The Norton anthology of English Literature. New York. 2006. Print -â€Å"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner†. Wikipedia. Ed. Web -Shmoop Editorial Team. â€Å"The Rime of Ancient Mariner†. Shmoop. com Shmoop University, Inc. , 11/4/2012. http://www. shmoop. com/rime-of-ancient-mariner/summary. html. – SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"The rime of the Ancient Mariner. † SparkNotes. com. SparkNotes LLC. 2006. http://www. sparknotes. com/poetry/coleridge/section1. rhtml